Characteristics of Healthy Organizational Change
There are four aspects of organizational change which can be developed through information and technology systems. One of them is automation where the organizations seek higher returns with low risks by deploying technology which is effective and efficient (Laudon, Kenneth and Jane 13th ed). The second one is rationalization where the deployment to technology reveals other challenges which must be dealt with in the organization in terms of the existing process of operations (Laudon, Kenneth and Jane 13th ed). This would require the streamlining of normal procedures of operations. The third one is the redesigning of the business process, where the organization analyzes, simplifies and re-engineers the process and operations of the business to meet emerging needs and expectations (Laudon, Kenneth and Jane 13th ed). The last one of a paradigm shift, where the organization re-evaluates its business model, creates and new one and eventually change the entire nature of the business (Laudon, Kenneth and Jane 13th ed).
McDonald’s restaurant, which is one of the leading in the world introduced self-service kiosks with order automation. The automation caters for ordering, preparation and payment where there are minimal interactions with human attendants. This process has been promoted by banking on the aspect of reducing order wait time, improving the cashless payment process and efficiency in the handling of customer’s orders. Automation of therefore was encouraged because it would limit cases of lost sales due to automated payment and mobile ordering. Therefore, such a process of the restaurant having increased sales and returns to their investment by serving more customers per unit time as an unlimited number of customers can log into the system at any time, reducing order wait time, as it was more tedious with human attendants. It also increased efficiency on the ordering process as it limits the chances of omitted or added ingredients, and effectively records sales without errors, which would lead to sales loss if it happens.
The development of international information systems poses several management challenges, and one of them is on Common User Requirement agreements, where there is needed the common agreement of which key elements should be in the system (Laudon, Kenneth and Jane 609). Therefore, having a list of requirements would foster the deployment and development of systems on a global scale. The other issue is when the management desires to introduce changes into their business model, where the people who will be affected by the changes should be involved directly in the changes. Without this, the management risks losing legitimacy because affected people will not recognize the essence of change, or if it’s doable. Coordination of the development of applications is an issue because it has to be done systematically and progressively (Laudon, Kenneth and Jane 609). However, if it is overlooked many of the steps would be left out, making the organization going back for corrective measures.
The three steps of strategic management are the formulations of strategy because no venture has unlimited resources. Therefore, development of mission, vision, assessment of threats, external opportunities and assessment of internal weaknesses and strengths are necessary (AL Khafaji, Abbas, and Nelson). The second step is the implementation of a strategy which includes establishing the structure of the organization, resource allocation, task assignment and development of policies. The third step is the evaluation of strategy where the management evaluates the deployment of the strategies to determine if they will achieve their goals and objectives (AL Khafaji, Abbas, and Nelson). There are no disadvantages in taking a systematic approach in establishing a business venture as it limits risks associated with the unforeseen market and operational challenges in the future.
Works cited
AL Khafaji, Abbas, and Richard Alan Nelson. Strategic management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment. Routledge, 2013.
Laudon, Kenneth C., and Jane P. Laudon. Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm Plus MyMISLab with Pearson eText--Access Card Package. Prentice Hall Press, 2015.
Laudon, Kenneth C., and Jane P. Laudon. Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm 13th Edition. Prentice Hall Press, 2013.
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